Myths in German-Language History Textbooks

Even in the 21st century, history textbooks are full of historical myths. This volume draws on cultural studies and history didactics to illuminate some of the myths contained in textbooks from Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Europe was saved at Marathon, Tours and Poitiers; Hermann the Cheruscan was proto-Germanic; the Middle Ages believed the earth was flat; Switzerland never collaborated with the National Socialists in any way; Hitler as the Führer and the Élysée Treaty as the foundation of Franco-German friendship these are just a few of the myths that continue to shape our historical consciousness and our history textbooks. But why do myths still appear in textbooks at all? As narratives, they offer orientation and help us interpret the world today, serving as sources of identification and meaning. They are stories that we hold dear. The contributions by German, Austrian and Swiss authors delve into the forms of European and national myths in German-language textbooks, as well as their functions for historical consciousness in society. The beauty of myths is just as central here as the question of their political utility: their mobilising, motivating and orientating force, the power of myths. Until now, myths have been a blind spot in the discussion of historical learning, evident in the fact that no thorough definition of the term historical myth exists. This volume will reflect in depth upon the concept of myth. It will propose a definition that ties in to academic discourse on historical learning without denying the concepts roots in cultural studies. Moving far beyond viewing myths as simply untrue stories, the chapters will place special focus on the function of myths in historical culture. Building on this approach, the contributing scholars will explore how studying and deconstructing myths can provide opportunities to develop a critical historical consciousness in the classroom.