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Participatory Journalism in Michael Hermann Ambros´ Periodical Media

Participatory Journalism in Michael Hermann Ambros´ Periodical Media

Andreas Golob (ORCID: 0000-0001-8482-0054)
  • Grant DOI 10.55776/P29979
  • Funding program Principal Investigator Projects
  • Status ended
  • Start April 1, 2017
  • End December 31, 2020
  • Funding amount € 329,784
  • Project website

Disciplines

Other Humanities (5%); History, Archaeology (60%); Media and Communication Sciences (30%); Sociology (5%)

Keywords

    Media History, Emotions, Journalism, Newspapers, 18th century, Habsburg Monarchy

Abstract Final report

M.H. Ambros (1750-1809) gehörte zu den herausragenden Journalisten des deutschen Sprachraums um 1800. Seine Bauernzeitung (1786-1796) gilt als eine der besten ihrer Zeit. 1795 gehörte auch das Grazer Frauenjournal (1792-1797), das als eines der ersten seiner Art in der und speziell für die Habsburgermonarchie erschien, zu seinem Medienimperium. In einem hochkompetitiven Umfeld behauptete sich der Redakteur, indem er die Beiträge in seinen Medien aus einer breiten Informationsbasis schöpfte. Seine kritische Herangehensweise an diese Informationsquellen ist in Kommentaren, in einleitenden oder abschließenden Bemerkungen und im Vergleich zwischen den Informationen sichtbar. Korrespondenz, ein Alleinstellungsmerkmal im Gegensatz zu den meisten zeitgenössischen Zeitungen, wurde betont, und die Redaktionspraxis wurde transparent dargestellt. Schließlich sticht die öffentliche Kommunikation mit BeiträgerInnen sowie mit der Leserschaft hervor. Durch kritische Auswertung ist es daher möglich, Einsichten in die regionalen und überregionalen journalistischen Praktiken zu gewinnen. Das Zusammenspiel der Teile der Medien (der politischen Zeitung, des unterhaltenden und allgemeinbildenden Anhangs und des Anzeigenblatts) wird statistisch und interpretierend beleuchtet. Dieser gesamtheitliche Zugang stellt eine Innovation dar. Der Schwerpunkt wird auf den Medien und den Gewährsleuten liegen, die Ambros zur Verfügung standen. Besonders interessieren persönliche und berufliche Kontakte sowie der Mediengebrauch der Korrespondierenden und ihre Beziehung zum Redakteur. Bei Korrespondentinnen sind aktive Beiträge in allen drei Teilen der Medien beachtenswert. Als theoretisches Grundgerüst dient die Akteur-Medien-Theorie. Ambros Berührungspunkte mit anderen Medien aus dem heutigen Österreich, Deutschland, Slowenien, Italien und der Slowakei werden zu regionalen und überregionalen Vergleichen führen. Studien im Steiermärkischen Landesarchiv zu Zensur und Postwesen werden die Befassung mit Medien ergänzen. Hinsichtlich der Texte in den Medien werden nicht nur Großereignisse betrachtet werden, sondern auch gesellschaftliche, wirtschaftliche und kulturelle Zusammenhänge. Im Zentrum des Interesses stehen Falschmeldungen, deren Ursachen und der Umgang mit Fehlern. Der Einfluss von Gefühlen wird genau unter die Lupe genommen. Was Beiträge für Medienkonsumentinnen anlangt, soll über Texte zugunsten traditioneller Frauenbilder hinausgegangen werden. Die Strategien zur Vermittlung von Neuigkeiten und Hintergrundinformationen sowohl an Leserinnen als auch an eine männliche Leserschaft aus den unteren Schichten werden die Verbindung von Unterhaltung und Bildung aufzeigen. Die Rolle von Gefühlen, auch im Bereich der Werbung, verlangt schließlich eine Auseinandersetzung mit dem jungen Fachgebiet Emotionsgeschichte.

The project, carried out by Dr. Andreas Golob as a principal investigator and Mag. Ingrid Haberl-Scherk as an early career scholar, dedicated its main interest to Graz Peasant News (Grazer Bauernzeitung) and (Graz) Women`s Journal (Frauen-Journal). These outstanding and innovative periodicals of the late 18th-century Habsburg Monarchy were thoroughly analysed using qualitative and quantitative methods to elucidate the editor's practices in producing and distributing news, popular education and advertisements. This integral approach which covered the most eminent purposes of newspapers in the era, reflects and reinforces the state of the art in media and communication history. With the help of Ambros' editorial notes, his numerous comments and hints in articles and advertisements we arrived at a lively picture of the social, commercial and cultural circumstances of the periodical press. Information on correspondents, their occupations, their personal and professional contacts, their media use or their ideological standpoints, and even on their emotional states was particularly revealing and showed the enormous commitment of these 'amateur journalists' as backbones of 'participatory journalism'. To frame these intrinsic findings, the team conducted research in five major archives in Austria, Italy and Slovenia. Especially newspaper censorship became much clearer in the course of interpreting the records. Comparisons of the two Graz periodicals with three other newspapers from Graz, with four newspapers from the southeastern and southwestern periphery of the Habsburg Monarchy, with two central examples of the Habsburg press from Vienna and Bratislava and with two prominent representatives of journalism in southwestern Germany and the Rhineland brought surprisingly many references which demonstrated how Ambros collaborated with other editors, how he competed with them, and how he fought off criticism. This way, the cooperative and competitive network of Central-European periodicals emerged from the sources. The Women's Journal was compared with three leading German women's magazines, another German newspaper for women and a well-known German fashion magazine. Through this framing the unique selling proposition of the periodical, its accurate and detailed political section, even including war reports, could be underlined. Therefore, the project left its imprint not only in its own field of media and communication history, but also contributed to research on the Enlightenment in general, to gender studies and 'new' military history.

Research institution(s)
  • Universität Graz - 100%
International project participants
  • Ivan Parvev, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski - Bulgaria

Research Output

  • 6 Citations
  • 25 Publications
  • 5 Disseminations
Publications
  • 2017
    Title Links Between Newspapers and Books. The Case of an Early 'Media Tycoon' in Late Eighteenth Century Central Europe; In: Books in Motion in Early Modern Europe. Beyond Production, Circulation, and Consumption
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Golob A
    Pages 111-141
  • 2017
    Title [Project Presentation] Das FWF-Projekt "Partizipatorischer Journalismus in Michael Hermann Ambros' periodischen Medien
    Type Journal Article
    Author Golob A
    Journal Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Buchforschung in Österreich
    Pages 13-17
    Link Publication
  • 2017
    Title [Conference Paper] News from 'Habsburg Bucharest', 1789-1791
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Golob A
    Conference Knowledge Exchange. Europe and the Black Sea Region, ca. 1750 - 1850", University of Graz, 29.09.2017
  • 2017
    Title Die Rolle(n) der Frau in ausgewählten Grazer Medien des späten 18. Jahrhunderts
    Type Journal Article
    Author Golob A
    Journal Historisches Jahrbuch der Stadt Graz
    Pages 73-89
    Link Publication
  • 2017
    Title Links Between Newspapers and Books: The Case of an Early ‘Media Tycoon’ in Late Eighteenth-Century Central Europe
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53366-7_6
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Golob A
    Publisher Springer Nature
    Pages 111-141
  • 2021
    Title Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800)
    DOI 10.1163/9789004448896
    Type Book
    Publisher Brill Academic Publishers
    Link Publication
  • 2021
    Title Rural Officials Discover the Printing Press in the Eighteenth-Century Habsburg Monarchy; In: Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800)
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Golob A
    Pages 86-107
    Link Publication
  • 2021
    Title [Conference Paper] Commerce - Competition - Crime: Approaches towards the Dark Side of the Late Eighteenth-Century Newspaper Business in Central Europe
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Golob A
    Conference 9th ESPRit Conference "Periodical Formats in the Market: Economies of Space and Time, Competition and Transfer", University of Bochum, mid-June 2021
  • 2022
    Title Die präventive Blatternbekämpfung im Spiegel des Wiener Zeitungswesens. Sondierungen von 1722 bis 1812
    DOI 10.1553/virus20s055
    Type Journal Article
    Author Golob A
    Journal VIRUS - Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin
    Pages 055-078
    Link Publication
  • 2019
    Title [Conference Report] Perzeption und Konzepte von Zeitgeschehen und Zeit in frühneuzeitlichen Zeitungen - Perception and Concepts of Current Events and Time in Early Modern Newspapers
    Type Other
    Author Haberl-Scherk I
    Link Publication
  • 2019
    Title [Conference Paper] Newspapers as Agents of Socio-Political Identity Building in the Habsburg Monarchy at the End of the Eighteenth Century
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Golob A
    Conference 15th International Congress on the Enlightenment", Edinburgh, UK, 17.07.2019
  • 2019
    Title [Conference Paper] Die Zeitung im Zeitstrom
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Golob A
    Conference Perzeption und Konzepte von Zeitgeschehen und Zeit in frühneuzeitlichen Zeitungen, University of Graz, 19.09.2019 (evaluation workshop))
  • 2019
    Title [Conference Paper] Die Gier nach Neuem. Mode als Phänomen kulturellen Wandels in europäischen Frauenzeitschriften des 18. Jahrhunderts
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Haberl-Scherk I
    Conference Perzeption und Konzepte von Zeitgeschehen und Zeit in frühneuzeitlichen Zeitungen, University of Graz, 19.09.2019 (evaluation workshop)
  • 2019
    Title [Conference Paper] Kriegsberichterstattung in der 'Zeitung für Damen und andere Frauenzimmer'
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Haberl-Scherk I
    Conference National and transdisplinary workshop Militaria-Tag, Graz, 11.01.2019
  • 2019
    Title [Conference Paper] I media di lingua italiana durante la monarchia asburgica e la loro influenza sull'ambito socioculturale tra il 1784 e il 1792
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Haberl-Scherk
    Conference Conference of the Canadian Association for Italian Studies, Orvieto, 16.06.2019
  • 2019
    Title [Conference Paper] Wife, Mother, Enlightened Reader, Amazon: Facets of Female Identity in the Central European 'Newspaper for Ladies and Other Women', 1792-1797
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Haberl-Scherk I
    Conference 15th International Congress on the Enlightenment", Edinburgh, UK, 17.07.2019
  • 2018
    Title Skirmishes and Stereotypes. Newspaper Correspondents Witness the Last Habsburg-Ottoman War and its Aftermath
    Type Journal Article
    Author Golob A
    Journal Yearbook of the Society for 18th Century Studies on South Eastern Europe
    Pages 83-92
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title Itinerant Informants and Circulating Information: Insights into the Black Sea Region in Central-European Media; In: Europe and the Black Sea Region: A History of Early Knowledge Exchange (1750-1850)
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Golob A
    Pages 81-100
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title [Book Review] Nicolas Detering, Krise und Kontinent. Die Entstehung der deutschen Europa-Literatur in der Frühen Neuzeit (Köln/Weimar/Wien 2017)
    Type Journal Article
    Author Golob A
    Journal Jahrbuch für Kommunikationsgeschichte
    Pages 191-192
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title [Conference Paper] Enlightened Administration in the Habsburg Monarchy in Practice and Theory
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Golob A
    Conference Print and Power, University of St. Andrews, 21.06.2018
  • 2020
    Title [Conference Paper] Public Perspectives on Suffering and Healing in M. F. Trenk von Tonder's 'Neuwied Newspaper'
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Golob A
    Conference Medicine in Print, University of Innsbruck, Austria
  • 2020
    Title [Conference Paper] Christian Friedrich Daniel Schubarts späte Rezensionen 1788-1791
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author A
    Conference Historische Bestseller und alte Scharteken: Neueste Studien zur Buch- und Leser*innengeschichte, University of Innsbruck, Austria (virtual))
  • 2020
    Title [Book Review] Johanna Bleker/Petra Lennig/Thomas Schnalke (Hg.), Tiefe Einblicke. Das Anatomische Theater im Zeitalter der Aufklärung (Berlin 2018)
    Type Journal Article
    Author A
    Journal Virus. Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin
    Pages 9-11
  • 2020
    Title [Conference Report] Perzeption und Konzepte von Zeitgeschehen und Zeit in frühneuzeitlichen Zeitungen
    Type Journal Article
    Author Golob A
    Journal Jahrbuch Der Österreichischen Gesellschaft Zur Erforschung Des Achtzehnten Jahrhunderts
    Pages 215-218
  • 2020
    Title Gespitzte Korrespondentenohren und geduldige Eselsohren. Zeitungsberichterstattung und Räsonnement in ihrem Verhältnis zu Oralität und akustischen Phänomenen in der 'Grazer Bauernzeitung' (1786-1796) und in den 'Politischen Gesprächen der Todten' (1786-1810)
    Type Journal Article
    Author Golob A
    Journal Jahrbuch für Kommunikationsgeschichte
    Pages 83-110
Disseminations
  • 2019
    Title Undergraduate course "State Propagandists - Rebels - Anecdote Mongers. Types of Journalism in the 18th Century"
    Type Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
  • 2017 Link
    Title Participation in the book launch of the edited volume "Habsburger unterwegs"
    Type Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
    Link Link
  • 2019 Link
    Title Presentation of preliminary results of our project
    Type Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
    Link Link
  • 2018 Link
    Title Website "amateurjournalist"
    Type Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
    Link Link
  • 2017 Link
    Title Participation in the book launch of the "Graz Historical Yearbook" (a special volume on gender, cf. publications)
    Type Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
    Link Link

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