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Efficient Certified Algorithms for Robot Motion Planning

Efficient Certified Algorithms for Robot Motion Planning

Jose Capco (ORCID: 0000-0001-5938-5687)
  • Grant DOI 10.55776/I4452
  • Funding program Principal Investigator Projects International
  • Status ended
  • Start March 1, 2020
  • End September 30, 2024
  • Funding amount € 328,020

Bilaterale Ausschreibung: Frankreich

Disciplines

Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Information Engineering (50%); Mathematics (50%)

Keywords

    Kinematic Singularity

Abstract Final report

Recently, several breakthroughs in computer algebra opened new perspectives to better tackle problems in semialgebraic geometry such as connectivity queries and determination of connected components of semialgebraic sets. An important application to this is the motion planning of robots. In this project, we are specifically interested in kinematic singularity avoidance path planning. Existing algorithms that are used are not always certified. Currently, path planning problems are posed as optimal control problems and solved numerically which generally does not give a global solution or simply disregard kinematic singularity. We aim at approaching this problem from a computer algebra perspective. Our goal is to develop dedicated high performance computer algebra algorithms for robotics and path planning. We aim to improve current Gröbner basis engines and real root isolation algorithms involved in roadmap computations that are very relevant to this problem. We are also very interested in understanding the topological and algebraic properties of the singularities of manipulators. An important property is cuspidality, i.e. the existence of a singularity-free path between two points on a fiber of the kinematic map of a 6R manipulator. This is important in engineering applications because 6R manipulators are by far the most widely used robots in industry. From an algebro-geometric viewpoint, the kinematic singularity of a 6R manipulator is just the projection of a hyperplane section of a Segre subvariety in a projective space. Thus there is an exact algebraic description of the problem, yet the problem of characterization of cuspidal 6R manipulator remains widely open to date and we are confident we can solve this problem in this project. Even if a 6R manipulator is non-cuspidal engineers are eager to know if a path with minimal singularity crossing is possible and this can also be tackled through algebraic means. This algebraic description will eventually be used by the roadmap algorithms that we will develop. But they may even help us to theoretically describe the number of connected components of singularity-free configuration- and work- spaces and thus we can complement and compare with results from our high performance computer algebra algorithms. Finally, we also aim to study self-motion of n-SPS platforms i.e. if two points in the workspace of n-SPS platforms can be connected. The configuration set of a parallel linkage is a topological space that has recently attracted the attention of many researchers in geometry, rigidity theory, and topology. The two-dimensional situation is classical: the topology of the configuration space depends on inequalities in the lengths of the bars (Grashof`s conditions). We intend to use elimination theory in order to obtain generalizations to parallel linkages in 3-space. We boast a multidisciplinary team of experts in computer algebra (Linz, Paris), robotics (Linz, Nantes) and algebraic geometry (Linz) in this project.

Das Hauptziel des Projekts bestand darin, die interdisziplinäre und internationale Zusammenarbeit zwischen Mathematikern und Robotikern zu fördern, um Cuspidal-Manipulatoren und kinematische Singularitäten von Robotern zu verstehen. Wir verwenden Computeralgebra Methoden, um technische Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, die sich aus Singularitäten und Cuspidality ergeben. Dies ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, da nur wenige industrielle seriellen Manipulatoren die Eigenschaft als Cuspidality besitzen, was zu unerwartetem Verhalten bei der Bahnplanung führt. Viele Robotiker sind an nicht-Cuspidal 6R-Industrieroboter gewöhnt, während generische Roboter (z.B. zufällig oder durch KI entstandenen Designs) in der Regel Cuspidal sind. Ein Roboter ist Cuspidal, wenn er in der Lage ist, seine Gelenkkonfiguration für dieselbe Endeffektorposition zu ändern, ohne Singularitäten zu überschreiten. In diesem Projekt konnten wir die Cuspidal 3R-Roboter effizient kategorisieren und einige industrielle 6R-Roboter identifizieren, die Cuspidal sind und ursprünglich nicht bekannt waren. Ingenieure vermeiden in der Regel Singularitäten, da sie zu unerwartetem Roboterverhalten führen können. Bei singulären Konfigurationen kann der Roboter plötzlich mehr Kraft und Geschwindigkeit benötigen, um sich zu bewegen. Ein historisches Beispiel für übersehene Singularitäten, die Schwierigkeiten verursachen, ist die Trägheitsmesseinheit für Gyroskope bei der Apollo-Mission der NASA. Die mathematische Natur dieser Robotikfragen erforderte Computeralgebra. Zum Beispiel der kinematische Singularitätsraum eines Roboters kann aus vielen zusammenhängenden Komponenten bestehen. Bei typischen parallelen Manipulatoren, die z.B. zum Bewegen von Plattformen in Flugsimulatoren verwendet werden, wird vermutet, dass der Singularitätsraum aus einer einzigen zusammenhängenden Komponente besteht. Das Verständnis der Anzahl dieser Komponenten hilft bei der Identifizierung singularitätsfreier Pfade, was zu reibungsloseren Simulatorbewegungen führt. Die Untersuchung von zusammenhängenden Komponenten ist ein grundlegendes Problem der reellen algebraischen Geometrie und Computeralgebra. In diesem Projekt konnten wir die Singularitäten für 3RPR parallele Roboter kategorisieren und die Anzahl der Komponenten der Singularitäten bestimmte 6SPS-Roboter beweisen. Das Projekt hat die Erwartungen übertroffen und die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit ist reibungslos verlaufen. Die Mathematiker respektierten die praktische Erfahrung und das technische Fachwissen der Ingenieure, während die Ingenieure sich auf komplexe mathematische Lösungen einließen. Dieses gegenseitige Verständnis zwischen Experten aus verschiedenen Bereichen war entscheidend für den Erfolg des Projekts. Zu den konkreten Ergebnissen gehören: > Eine Habilitation für einen Senior Postdoc > Zwei abgeschlossene Promotionsstudien > Zwei laufende Doktoratsstudien Die Zusammenarbeit förderte nicht nur das Lernen zwischen den Disziplinen, sondern auch zwischen Forschern aus verschiedenen Ländern, die ihr Fachwissen austauschten. Diese Erfahrung hat gezeigt, dass internationale und interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit sowohl machbar als auch für die Forscher von großem Nutzen ist.

Research institution(s)
  • Universität Linz - 49%
  • Universität Innsbruck - 51%
Project participants
  • Andreas Müller, Universität Linz , associated research partner
International project participants
  • Mohab Safey El Din, CNRS / Université Sorbonne Paris Nord - France

Research Output

  • 42 Citations
  • 47 Publications
  • 1 Fundings
Publications
  • 2024
    Title Computing roadmaps in unbounded smooth real algebraic sets I: Connectivity results
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102234
    Type Journal Article
    Author Prébet R
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
  • 2024
    Title Kinematic issues in 6R cuspidal robots, guidelines for path planning and deciding cuspidality
    DOI 10.1177/02783649241293481
    Type Journal Article
    Author Marauli T
    Journal The International Journal of Robotics Research
  • 2024
    Title Analytically Informed Inverse Kinematics Solution atSingularities; In: Advances in Robot Kinematics 2024
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-64057-5_29
    Type Book Chapter
    Publisher Springer Nature Switzerland
  • 2024
    Title Computing Generic Fibers of Polynomial Ideals with FGLM and Hensel Lifting
    DOI 10.1145/3666000.3669703
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Berthomieu J
    Pages 307-315
  • 2024
    Title Optimized Gröbner basis algorithms for maximal determinantal ideals and critical point computations
    DOI 10.1145/3666000.3669713
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Gopalakrishnan S
    Pages 400-409
  • 2020
    Title Robots, computer algebra and eight connected components
    DOI 10.1145/3373207.3404048
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Capco J
    Pages 62-69
    Link Publication
  • 2024
    Title Mechanism singularities and shakiness from an algebraic viewpoint
    DOI 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2023.105510
    Type Journal Article
    Author Li Z
    Journal Mechanism and Machine Theory
  • 2022
    Title Necessary and sufficient condition for a generic 3R serial manipulator to be cuspidal
    DOI 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2022.104729
    Type Journal Article
    Author Salunkhe D
    Journal Mechanism and Machine Theory
    Pages 104729
    Link Publication
  • 2022
    Title Necessary and sufficient condition for a generic 3R serial manipulator to be cuspidal
    DOI 10.48550/arxiv.2202.08686
    Type Preprint
    Author Salunkhe D
  • 2022
    Title Gröbner bases and critical values: The asymptotic combinatorics of determinantal systems
    DOI 10.1016/j.jalgebra.2022.03.002
    Type Journal Article
    Author Berthomieu J
    Journal Journal of Algebra
    Pages 154-180
    Link Publication
  • 2022
    Title Guessing Gröbner bases of structured ideals of relations of sequences
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2021.11.001
    Type Journal Article
    Author Berthomieu J
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
    Pages 1-26
    Link Publication
  • 2022
    Title Geometry Based Analysis of 3R Serial Robots
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-08140-8_8
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Salunkhe D
    Publisher Springer Nature
    Pages 65-72
  • 2022
    Title Singularity Robust Inverse Kinematics of Serial Manipulators by Means of a Joint Arc Length Parameterization
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-04870-8_3
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Marauli T
    Publisher Springer Nature
    Pages 19-27
  • 2022
    Title Globally Optimal Solution to Inverse Kinematics of 7DOF Serial Manipulator
    DOI 10.1109/lra.2022.3163444
    Type Journal Article
    Author Din M
    Journal IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
  • 2022
    Title Faster Change of Order Algorithm for Gröbner Bases under Shape and Stability Assumptions
    DOI 10.1145/3476446.3535484
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Berthomieu J
    Pages 409-418
  • 2022
    Title Finer Complexity Estimates for the Change of Ordering of Gröbner Bases for Generic Symmetric Determinantal Ideals
    DOI 10.1145/3476446.3536182
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Ferguson A
    Pages 399-407
  • 2020
    Title Two remarks on sums of squares with rational coefficients
    DOI 10.4064/bc121-2
    Type Journal Article
    Author Capco J
    Journal Banach Center Publications
    Pages 25-36
    Link Publication
  • 2020
    Title Robots, computer algebra and eight connected components
    DOI 10.48550/arxiv.2008.13392
    Type Other
    Author Capco J
    Link Publication
  • 2023
    Title Trajectory planning issues in cuspidal commercial robots
    DOI 10.1109/icra48891.2023.10161444
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Chablat D
    Pages 7426-7432
  • 2023
    Title Modular Matrix Multiplication on GPU for Polynomial System Solving
    DOI 10.1145/3614408.3614411
    Type Journal Article
    Author Berthomieu J
    Journal ACM Communications in Computer Algebra
  • 2022
    Title Deciding Cuspidality of Manipulators through Computer Algebra and Algorithms in Real Algebraic Geometry
    DOI 10.1145/3476446.3535477
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Chablat D
    Pages 439-448
    Link Publication
  • 2022
    Title Topology of the singularities of 3-RPR planar parallel robots
    DOI 10.1016/j.cagd.2022.102150
    Type Journal Article
    Author Spartalis C
    Journal Computer Aided Geometric Design
    Pages 102150
    Link Publication
  • 2023
    Title Computing critical points for invariant algebraic systems
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2022.10.002
    Type Journal Article
    Author Faugère J
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
  • 2023
    Title A signature-based algorithm for computing the nondegenerate locus of a polynomial system
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2023.02.001
    Type Journal Article
    Author Eder C
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
  • 2023
    Title Positive dimensional parametric polynomial systems, connectivity queries and applications in robotics
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2022.08.008
    Type Journal Article
    Author Capco J
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
    Link Publication
  • 2023
    Title Point to point time optimal handling of unmounted rigid objects and liquid-filled containers
    DOI 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2023.105286
    Type Journal Article
    Author Gattringer H
    Journal Mechanism and Machine Theory
  • 2023
    Title A Review of Cuspidal Serial and Parallel Manipulators
    DOI 10.1115/1.4055677
    Type Journal Article
    Author Chablat D
    Journal Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics
  • 2023
    Title Time-optimal path following for non-redundant serial manipulators using an adaptive path-discretization
    DOI 10.1017/s026357472300022x
    Type Journal Article
    Author Gattringer H
    Journal Robotica
  • 2022
    Title Polynomial-division-based algorithms for computing linear recurrence relations
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2021.07.002
    Type Journal Article
    Author Berthomieu J
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
  • 2022
    Title Solving parametric systems of polynomial equations over the reals through Hermite matrices
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2021.12.002
    Type Journal Article
    Author Le H
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
  • 2023
    Title Time-Optimal Point-To-Point Motion Planning and Assembly Mode Change of Cuspidal Manipulators: Application to 3R and 6R Robots
    DOI 10.1109/iros55552.2023.10341420
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Marauli T
    Pages 10014-10019
  • 2023
    Title Contributions to polynomial system solving: Recurrences and Gröbner bases
    Type Postdoctoral Thesis
    Author Jérémy Berthomieu
    Link Publication
  • 2023
    Title Cuspidal robots: theoretical study, classification and application to commercial robots
    Type PhD Thesis
    Author Durgesh Haribhau Salunkhe
    Link Publication
  • 2023
    Title Connectivity in real algebraic sets: algorithms and applications
    Type PhD Thesis
    Author Rémi Prébet
    Link Publication
  • 2023
    Title A Parameter-Linear Formulation oftheOptimal Path Following Problem forRobotic Manipulator; In: Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics - RAAD 2023
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-32606-6_40
    Type Book Chapter
    Publisher Springer Nature Switzerland
  • 2023
    Title Fast Algorithms for Discrete Differential Equations
    DOI 10.1145/3597066.3597103
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Bostan A
    Pages 80-89
  • 2023
    Title Refined F5 Algorithms for Ideals of Minors of Square Matrices
    DOI 10.1145/3597066.3597077
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Gopalakrishnan S
    Pages 270-279
  • 2023
    Title Algorithm for Connectivity Queries on Real Algebraic Curves
    DOI 10.1145/3597066.3597081
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Islam M
    Pages 345-353
  • 2023
    Title A Direttissimo Algorithm for Equidimensional Decomposition
    DOI 10.1145/3597066.3597069
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Eder C
    Pages 260-269
  • 0
    DOI 10.1145/3373207
    Type Other
  • 2021
    Title Solving determinantal systems using homotopy techniques
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsc.2020.09.008
    Type Journal Article
    Author Hauenstein J
    Journal Journal of Symbolic Computation
  • 2021
    Title Homotopy techniques for solving sparse column support determinantal polynomial systems
    DOI 10.1016/j.jco.2021.101557
    Type Journal Article
    Author Labahn G
    Journal Journal of Complexity
  • 2021
    Title Towards fast one-block quantifier elimination through generalised critical values
    DOI 10.1145/3457341.3457348
    Type Journal Article
    Author Berthomieu J
    Journal ACM Communications in Computer Algebra
  • 2021
    Title Faster One Block Quantifier Elimination for Regular Polynomial Systems of Equations
    DOI 10.1145/3452143.3465546
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Le H
    Pages 265-272
  • 2021
    Title Computing the Dimension of Real Algebraic Sets
    DOI 10.1145/3452143.3465551
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Lairez P
    Pages 257-264
  • 2021
    Title msolve
    DOI 10.1145/3452143.3465545
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Berthomieu J
    Pages 51-58
  • 2020
    Title Computing the real isolated points of an algebraic hypersurface
    DOI 10.1145/3373207.3404049
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Din M
    Pages 297-304
Fundings
  • 2020
    Title Efficient Certified Algorithms for Robot Motion Planning - ECARP
    Type Research grant (including intramural programme)
    Start of Funding 2020
    Funder National Agency for Research

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