The planned project concerns the English translation of the late work of Ilse Arlt Wege zu einer Fürsorgewissenschaft (Ways to a Social Welfare and Care Science) to be published in fall 2009 at LIT Publishing House. In this book which appeared in 1958 at the Publishing House Notring of the Austrian Science Association (Vienna) Ilse Arlt fervently argues in favor of an independent science of social welfare and care (nowadays called social work science), 37 years after the publication of her first major work Die Grundlagen der Fürsorge (The basic principles and foundations of social welfare and care) and from a different historical context. Arlt was working on this book until two years before her death giving an instructive overview of the social welfare and care practices of the past 70 years. On the basis of these she developed a groundbreaking criticism of the welfare and care practices of her time. This criticism proves to be up to date even for todays challenges in the theory and practice of social work. An attempt to elaborate these current references can be found in: Maiss Maria/ Pantucek, Peter (2008): Theorie mit Leidenschaft: Ilse Arlt. Weiterhin aktuelle Fragen der Sozialen Arbeit, in: Soziale Arbeit, Zeitschrift für soziale und sozialverwandte Gebiete 6, 2008, S. 202211 (In a slightly expanded version this article will be published shortly in English under the title Theory with Passion. Ilse Arlt and Current Questions in Social Work) A further reference is: Pantucek, Peter/Maiss, Maria (Hg.) (2008): Die Aktualität des Denkens von Ilse Arlt, Wiesbaden: VS Furthermore in her last comprehensive summary of her life work Arlt refers once more to the pivotal point of her theory: poverty research along the core human needs of prosperity of the individual, and the planning, implementation and evaluation of care and service provision of social work based on these needs: Fürsorge ist nicht von den Fürsorgeeinrichtungen her, sondern einerseits von der Bedürftigkeit und ihren Gesetzmäßigkeiten, andererseits vom Gedeihen her zu orientieren. Die stets schicksalbestimmende Fürsorgetätigkeit, in welchem Fach immer, erfordert eine gründliche Kenntnis der gedeihenfördernden und der armutverursachenden Kräfte. Erst darauf baut sich das Erlernen der in einem Lande herrschenden Gesetzgebung, der Hilfseinrichtungen und aller angrenzenden Institutionen, Gesundheitsdienst, Schulwesen, Rechtshilfe, auf. (Arlt 1958: 132) (Care and welfare should not focus on the welfare institution, but on the universal laws of needs and prosperity. Care and welfare work always have an impact on the fate of people and therefore require a thorough knowledge of forces promoting prosperity and such that cause poverty. Only then can a country develop and build laws, care and welfare institutions, a health service, a school system, legal aid.) Models and specifications of a comparative household management as an ancillary science of welfare and poverty as well as an overview of a needs-oriented teaching style constitute the conclusion of Arlts late work. Table of contents of Wege zu einer Fürsorgewissenschaft (Ways to a new social welfare and care science) - Introduction - Criticism of Welfare - Retrospective Observations of Care - Poverty research - Results of the needs-oriented research - Comparative household management as an ancillary science of social welfare and poverty research - Needs-oriented teaching The originality of Ilse Arlts scientific work can be seen in her connection of welfare theory with economic considerations, with an empirical study of household management, with a needs-based theory developed by her, and the conceptual design of creative consumer behavior in favor of individual and societal wellbeing. 2 The new edition of the late work of Arlt is supplemented by an extensive introduction dealing with the differences in comparison to her earlier work as well as references to current discussions in social work science, practice and training. In addition there will be a five page until now unpublished biography of Ilse Arlt entitled Mein Leben (My Life). The autobiography is part of the material collection of the Austrian Biographical Encyclopedia and Documentation of the Austria Academy of Sciences, and Prof. Dr. Helmuth Grössing gave the right to use it for publication.