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Street-Level Environment, Vienna

Street-Level Environment, Vienna

Angelika Psenner (ORCID: 0000-0003-2961-1924)
  • Grant DOI 10.55776/V475
  • Funding program Elise Richter
  • Status ended
  • Start September 1, 2015
  • End April 30, 2020
  • Funding amount € 354,969
  • Project website

Disciplines

Construction Engineering (70%); Human Geography, Regional Geography, Regional Planning (30%)

Keywords

    Vienna, Ground Floor Vacanies, Historicism (Gründerzeit-Architektur), Urban Space Research, Street-Level Environment (Parterre), 3D City Model

Abstract Final report

Street-Level Environment, Vienna // StadtParterre Wien Fig. 1,2,3: pilot study: 3D-ZPA Psenner Viennas urban street-level environment crisis is a key focal point of the citys urban research and for its administration: Although rapid population growth has created an urgent need for additional (living) space, ground floor vacancies are still spreading; furthermore the environ- mental impact generated by individual motorized traffic has reached a critical level. Since urban maps usually end at the building perimeter, little is known about the interrelations between built-up structures, ground floor use, and street use. Urban planning spares little thought for what really takes place inside the buildings lining a street. The street-level environment concept refers to the citys parterre as a holistic urban system: it covers both built-up and non-built-up areas. Thus street, ground floor and courtyard are treated as entity, so that interrelations will come to light. Because we perfectly know that the potentials of ground floor use and the structure of the correlating public street space are directly related to each other. Given this perspective the proposed study will therefore address the following issues: What are the (historical) interrelations between public space and the life inside buildings? This approach will include an elaborate structural analysis of how public and private parterre-spaces are actually and have formerly been used. How attractive and how functionalfrom an urbanistic point of viewis a street-level environment that does meet the visual requirements set up by city scape protection laws, but that on the other hand does no longer serve any vital functionwhere storage facilities, supply rooms, garbage collecting areas, garages and parked cars are taking over? In which way does the current mono-structural form of street space use affect the citys parterre? Which architectural and structural interventions have a positive impact on the street-level environment? Should the historically documented semi-public character of the Viennese ground floor be secured by regulation? Fig. 4, 5: pilot study. left: street-level environment as used around 1910; right: street-level environment as used in 2014; Psenner The objective of the study is to both retrieve and generate data by applying the 3D-ZPA three- dimensional comprehensive street-level model a method developed in a preliminary two-years pilot study. Based on the morphological analysis of the urban street level environment, the study intends to provide a strong argument towards apossible radicalrethinking of street space use and ground floor use. The 3D-ZPA will provide an effective tool for verifying and responding to the research results, while offering a concrete instrument of urban planning. Thus, the causes of the current street-level environment crisis in Vienna will be examined from a historic and systemic perspective with the aim of making successful contributions of architectu- ral and urban research toward identifying and understanding the current urban space problems.

Eine der wichtigsten Errungenschaften der Studie liegt darin, den Begriff und das Konzept des "Stadtparterres" in der Fachwelt zu etablieren. Dies ermöglicht endlich eine ganzheitliche Herangehensweise an ein Thema, welches bis dato ausschließlich partiell bearbeitet wurde, da die grundsätzlich unterschiedlichen Zuständigkeiten - sowohl in der Fachwelt (Gebäudelehre, Wohnbau, Städtebau) als auch in der Stadtverwaltung - eine holistische Annäherung hemmten. Da z. B. der Informationswert von Stadtplänen in der Regel an der Gebäudeaußenkante endet, ist über die Zusammenhänge zwischen bebauten Strukturen, Erdgeschossnutzung und Straßennutzung wenig bekannt. Das städtische Erdgeschoss kann nun nicht mehr isoliert von der umgebenden Stadtstruktur, dem öffentlichen Raum, diskutiert werden. Deshalb wurde die Expertise des PI immer wieder angefragt, um die im Projekt gewonnenen Erkenntnisse in konkrete Stadtentwicklungspläne einzubringen (z.B. "Masterplan Gründerzeit" 2018; Beratung für "Neues Verkehrskonzept für die Innere Stadt" 2018 und für die Akzeptanz des Fachkonzeptes "Produktive Stadt - Mischkonzepte" 2019). Das Stadtparterre-Konzept beschreibt das Parterre der Stadt als ein ganzheitliches urbanes System, es umfasst bebaute und unbebaute Areale. So werden Straße, Erdgeschoss und Hof als Einheit behandelt, womit Interrelationen erkennbar werden. Durch die profunde Analyse historischer Interdependenzen von öffentlichem Raum und Erdgeschoss unterstreicht das Projekt die Tatsache, dass die Potentiale der Erdgeschossnutzung und die Struktur des korrelierenden öffentlichen Straßenraums in direkter Beziehung zueinander stehen. Darüber hinaus gelang es, nicht nur die wesentlichen Bereiche und Schnittstellen im Stadtparterre-System zu identifizieren, sondern auch Vorschläge für einen nachhaltigen Umgang mit diesen Stadträumen zu formulieren. Die Erarbeitung und Konkretisierung des Stadtparterre-Konzepts trägt in doppelter Hinsicht zur Weiterentwicklung des Forschungsfeldes Städtebau bei: einerseits als konzeptioneller (Forschungs)Ansatz, der ein ganzheitliches Denken und systemische Analysen ermöglicht, andererseits als Grundlage für eine real anwendbare Planungsstrategie zur Weiterentwicklung der Stadt. Die Analyse der städtebaulichen Dimension von gründerzeitlichen Baukonfigurationen führte zu neuen Erkenntnissen, da sie strukturelle Zusammenhänge in der Bestandsstadt erhellt und gewisse Unterschiede und Parallelen zwischen den untersuchten Städten (Berlin, Budapest, Prag, Barcelona, Basel, Rom, Linz) erklärt. Bislang wurden gründerzeitliche Strukturen vornehmlich unter kunsthistorischen, architekturhistorischen und denkmalpflegerischen Gesichtspunkten analysiert und diskutiert. Die städtebauliche Dimension der gründerzeitlichen Gebäudekonfigurationen wurde in gewisser Weise vernachlässigt, sodass der Zusammenhang zwischen vorgefundenen Bauweisen (Raumhöhen, halböffentliche, dem Straßenraum zugewandte Bereiche im Erdgeschoß, Permeabilität von Erdgeschoßfassaden, Nutzungsneutralität) und der Funktion der Bereiche nicht erkannt wurde. Erstmals wurden hier also die städtebaulichen Qualitäten der Alltagsarchitekturen von Städten des 19. Jahrhunderts ausführlich diskutiert. Bahnbrechend und völlig neu sind die Erkenntnisse zu stadtweiten Nivellierungsmaßnahmen im Wien des 19. Jahrhunderts; ein Aspekt der bis dato in seinem Ausmaß nicht erkannt worden war. Schließlich wurde im Rahmen der Stadtparterre-Studie eine neue Forschungsmethode entwickelt und konsolidiert. Die Anwendung dieser UPM-Methode ermöglicht das Erheben und Generieren von Daten, welche grundsätzlich neue Aspekte sowohl in die Städtebau-Forschung als auch in die Städtebau-Praxis einbringen.

Research institution(s)
  • Technische Universität Wien - 100%

Research Output

  • 5 Citations
  • 24 Publications
  • 3 Policies
  • 1 Methods & Materials
  • 8 Scientific Awards
  • 1 Fundings
Publications
  • 2020
    Title The Gründerzeit in Prague using the example of the quarter "Zizkov"
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Drsata K.
    Conference AISU 2019 Bologna: La citta globale. La condizione urbana come fenomeno pervasivo/The global city. The urban condition as a pervasive phenomenon
  • 2020
    Title The origins of the 19th century residential building typology in Budapest and Vienna
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Lélék V.
    Conference AISU 2019 Bologna: La citta globale. La condizione urbana come fenomeno pervasivo/The global city. The urban condition as a pervasive phenomenon
  • 2020
    Title 19th century architecture and urban planning - one of the first international styles in town planning?
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Psenner A.
    Conference AISU 2019 Bologna: La citta globale. La condizione urbana come fenomeno pervasivo/The global city. The urban condition as a pervasive phenomenon
  • 2020
    Title Urban growth and urban expansion measures in late 19th century Europe. Analysis of the situation concerning the city of Rome with reference to the Viennese Gründerzeit-developments
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Psenner A.
    Conference AISU 2019 Bologna: La citta globale. La condizione urbana come fenomeno pervasivo/The global city. The urban condition as a pervasive phenomenon
  • 2020
    Title Elements of the Gründerzeit Architecture - A comparative analysis of the Berliner and Viennese Mietshaus
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Kodydek K.
    Conference AISU 2019 Bologna: La citta globale. La condizione urbana come fenomeno pervasivo/The global city. The urban condition as a pervasive phenomenon
  • 2019
    Title Wenn das Lokal zum Lager wird: Kritische Anmerkungen zum Boom von Selfstorages im urbanen Erdgeschoß; In: Wo die Dinge wohnen. Das Phänomen Selfstorage
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Psenner A.
    Publisher Park Books
    Pages 68-73
    Link Publication
  • 2019
    Title Eine Frage des Niveaus; In: Wasser-Stadt-Wien: Eine Umweltgeschichte
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Psenner A.
    Publisher ZUG Zentrum für Umweltgeschichte
    Pages 314-315
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title Expertinnen-Interview mit Angelika Psenner
    Type Other
    Author Stadt Wien Ma 21
    Pages 132-133
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title Content-related collaboration on "Masterplan Gründerzeit. Handlungsempfehlungen zur qualitätsorientierten Weiterentwicklung der gründerzeitlichen Bestandsstadt"
    Type Other
    Author Hannappel L.
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title Urban Parterre Modelling UPM: Lifting the Cadastral Map to the Third Dimension
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Kodydek K.
    Conference REAL CORP 2018, Expanding Cities - Diminishing Space; Are "Smart Cities" the solution or part of the problem of continuous urbanization around the globe?
    Pages 735-743
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title Researching the Morphology of the City's Internal Micro Structure: UPM Urban Parterre Modelling
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Kodydek K.
    Conference 24th ISUF International Conference: City and territory in the globalization age
    Pages 1245-1254
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title The Viennese "Gewölb" a highly decisive factor for the functioning of public space
    Type Journal Article
    Author Psenner A.
    Journal The Public Sector - Der öffentliche Sektor
    Pages 35-45
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title Im Interview: Innen im Außen
    Type Journal Article
    Author Psenner A
    Journal Nachlese: Wiedergeburt der Stadt? Neue Urbanität für München, Fachmagazin der Bayerischen Hausbau GmbH & Co. KG.
    Pages 22-23
    Link Publication
  • 2018
    Title ‘Wiener Null’ – levelling the city of Vienna
    DOI 10.1080/17535069.2018.1510025
    Type Journal Article
    Author Psenner A
    Journal Urban Research & Practice
    Pages 131-156
    Link Publication
  • 2017
    Title The loss of semi-public spheres within the Vienna urban parterre system—cause and effect study
    DOI 10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5221
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Psenner A
    Link Publication
  • 2017
    Title Researching the morphology of the city’s internal micro structure: UPM Urban Parterre Modelling
    DOI 10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5115
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Psenner A
    Link Publication
  • 2017
    Title Funktionen des „Ebenerds“– „StadtParterre“ reloaded
    DOI 10.1515/9783035608830-008
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Psenner A
    Publisher De Gruyter
    Pages 70-83
  • 2020
    Title Spatial Representation of Vienna’s Street-Level Environment
    DOI 10.1093/oso/9780190498900.003.0013
    Type Book Chapter
    Author Psenner A
    Publisher Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Pages 259-278
  • 2017
    Title StadtParterre Wien: Methode zur Erforschung von urbanen Mikrostrukturen - Erarbeitung eines neuen Analyse- und Planungsinstruments
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Psenner A.
    Conference Forschungstag 2016/17 der Fakultät für Architektur und Raumplanung
  • 2017
    Title Vienna flying high-and ground level left behind
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Psenner A.
    Conference 24th ISUF International Conference: City and territory in the globalization age
    Pages 377-377
  • 2017
    Title Editorial involvement in the publication of: Personenmobilität auf Klimakurs bringen; in VCÖ "Mobilität mit Zukunft" 2/2017
    Type Other
    Author Vcö
    Link Publication
  • 2015
    Title Street Life! It's the Only Life I Know. Street Life, and there's a Thousand Parts to Play
    Type Conference Proceeding Abstract
    Author Psenner A.
    Conference REAL CORP 2015, PLAN TOGETHER - RIGHT NOW - OVERALL. From Vision to Reality for Vibrant Cities and Regions
    Pages 579-590
    Link Publication
  • 2015
    Title Historischer Überblick über die Entwicklung der Straße & des öffentlichen Raums
    Type Journal Article
    Author Psenner A.
    Journal Mission Mikrourbanismus. Kurze Nacht der Stadterneuerung IV
    Pages 102-109
    Link Publication
  • 2015
    Title Fakten zum Wiener Gründerzeit-Parterre und seinen Nutzungschancen
    Type Journal Article
    Author Psenner A.
    Journal Mission Mikrourbanismus. Kurze Nacht der Stadterneuerung IV
    Pages 110-118
    Link Publication
Policies
  • 2020 Link
    Title Consulting the Inner City Transport Commission responsible for the development of the "Neues Verkehrskonzept für die Innere Stadt" (New Transport Concept for the Inner City)
    Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
    Link Link
  • 2019
    Title Consulting members of the Vienna Chamber of Commerce and Industry through a keynote lecture and discussion in the context of the workshop "Mischkonzepte der produktiven Stadt" Mixed concepts in the productive city); with the aim of explaining, making accessible and thus strengthening the acceptance of the Fachkonzept "Produktive Stadt" released by the city in 2017
    Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
  • 2018 Link
    Title Content-related collaboration on developing the "Masterplan Gründerzeit. Handlungsempfehlungen zur qualitätsorientierten Weiterentwicklung der gründerzeitlichen Bestandsstadt"
    Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
    Link Link
Methods & Materials
  • 2019
    Title Urban Parterre Modelling UPM
    DOI 10.1093/oso/9780190498900.001.0001
    Type Improvements to research infrastructure
    Public Access
Scientific Awards
  • 2020
    Title KUWI Prize for master students and doctoral candidates by TU Wien - Amina Karahodzic
    Type Research prize
    Level of Recognition Regional (any country)
  • 2020
    Title Keynote speaker
    Type Personally asked as a key note speaker to a conference
    Level of Recognition Continental/International
  • 2018
    Title KUWI Prize for master students and doctoral candidates by TU Wien - Nadine Hamader
    Type Research prize
    Level of Recognition Regional (any country)
  • 2018
    Title KUWI Prize for master students and doctoral candidates by TU Wien - Viktória Lélék
    Type Research prize
    Level of Recognition Regional (any country)
  • 2018
    Title KUWI Prize for master students and doctoral candidates by TU Wien - Klaus Kodydek
    Type Research prize
    Level of Recognition Regional (any country)
  • 2018
    Title KUWI Prize for master students and doctoral candidates by TU Wien - Kamila Drsata
    Type Research prize
    Level of Recognition Regional (any country)
  • 2017
    Title KUWI Prize for master students and doctoral candidates by TU Wien - Elisabeth Hofstetter
    Type Research prize
    Level of Recognition Regional (any country)
  • 2017
    Title Best Presentation Prize
    Type Poster/abstract prize
    Level of Recognition Regional (any country)
Fundings
  • 2020
    Title Margarete-Schütte-Lihotzky-Projektstipendium: "OFF CITY" in cooperation with Max Utech and Jörg Stollman
    Type Research grant (including intramural programme)
    Start of Funding 2020
    Funder Government of Austria

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