Numerical modelling towards innovative avalanche prevention

The current practice in snow avalanche prevention is largely based on the strategy of snow retention by massive defence structures such as snow bridges. However, the construction of such massive structures in Alpine terrains is often difficult and cost-intensive. In this project an innovative alternative based on the strategy of snow redistribution by a matrix of small obstructions will be investigated. This innovative approach is superior to the massive defence measures in ergonomics (transport and installation), reliability and cost-effectiveness. The investigation will be carried out with a numerical model based on the Savage-Hutter theory. The underlying system of differential equations will be handled with a shock capturing TVD method. Some emphasis is given to the boundary conditions between snow and obstructions, and to the basal friction between snow and slope. The effect of the following parameters will be investigated and optimized: the obstruction geometry; the arrangement and spacing between the obstructions; and the dynamic traction on the obstructions. The results will bring out the high benefit and potential of this innovative approach and will be interesting to solicit potential support for further investigations.